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Gijs Henzen
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VESPASIANUS (VESPASIAN), 69-79 - AE Sestertius, Rome (71)
weight 23,57gr. ; orichalcum Ø 30mm.
obv. Laureate head of Vespasianus right, surrounded by the legend;
IMP CAES VESPAS AVG P M TR P P P COS III
rev. Judaea, veiled, draped, seated right on cuirass under palm-tree, in attitude
of mourning; behind palm-tree, captive standing right with hands bound on back;
various arms around, surrounded by the legend; IVDAEA CAPTA, S C in exergue
The First Jewish–Roman War (66–73 AD), sometimes called the Great Revolt, was the first of three major rebellions by the Jews against the Roman Empire, fought in the Eastern Mediterranean. The First Jewish–Roman War took place in Palestine, mainly in the province of Judea. The Great Revolt began in the year 66 AD, originating in Roman and Jewish ethnic and religious tensions. The crisis escalated due to anti-taxation protests and attacks upon Roman citizens. The experienced and unassuming general Vespasian was given the task, by Nero, of crushing the rebellion in Judaea province. His son Titus was appointed as second-in-command. Given four legions and assisted by forces of King Agrippa II, Vespasian invaded Galilee in 67. Within several months Vespasian and Titus took over the major Jewish strongholds of Galilee and finally overran Jodapatha, which was under the command of Yosef ben Matitiyahu, as well as subdued Tarichaea, which brought an end to the war in Galilee. Vespasian was called to Rome and appointed as Emperor in 69. With Vespasian′s departure, Titus moved to besiege the center of rebel resistance in Jerusalem in early 70. The first two walls of Jerusalem were breached within three weeks, but a stubborn rebel standoff prevented the Roman Army from breaking the third and thickest wall. Following a brutal seven-month siege, during which Zealot infighting resulted in the burning of the entire food supplies of the city, the Romans finally succeeded in breaching the defenses of the weakened Jewish forces in the summer of 70. The Second Temple in Jerusalem was destroyed. Following the fall of Jerusalem, in the year 71 Titus left for Rome, leaving Legion X Fretensis to defeat the remaining Jewish strongholds including Herodium and Machaerus, finalizing the Roman campaign in Masada in 73–74.
Cohen 236 ; RIC 233 ; BMC 532 ; Sear 2325var. R
A very interesting historical coin. Rare.
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VESPASIANUS (VESPASIAN), 69-79 - AE Sestertius, Rome (71)
weight 22,75gr. ; bronze Ø 31mm.
obv. Laureate head of Vespasianus right, surrounded by the legend;
IMP CAES VESPAS AVG P M TR P P P COS III
rev. Pax standing right, setting fire to arms; Column surmounted by
Minerva, left, lance and shield resting against it; lighted altar, right,
surrounded by the legend; PAX AVGVSTI, S C in exergue
Cohen 336 ; RIC 241 (R2) ; BMC 553 ; Sear- RR
Minor traces of oxidation. Very rare.
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VESPASIANUS (VESPASIAN), 69-79 AD - AV Aureus, Antiochia (72-73)
weight 7,29gr. ; gold Ø 18mm.
obv. Laureate head right IMP CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG
rev. Libertas standing left, holding pileus and sceptre LIBERTAS AVG
This aureus of Antiochia, struck in 72 (or perhaps early in 73), is of extraordinary artistic and historical interest. Aurei and denarii were minted at the beginning of Vespasians reign, between 69AD. Vespasins aurei from Egypt (?), Syria and Judaea have been divided into four groups. This aureus belongs to the fourth group dated to 72-73 AD and assigned to Antiochia by Metcalf, according to close stylistic parallels with his tetradrachms. The context of the production and issue of Vespasians eastern aurei are better documented than other Roman gold coinage. Indeed, Vespasian, sent to suppress the Jewish Revolt, was proclaimed emperor at the beginning of 69 AD. Tacitus writes that gold and silver were struck at Antiochia, thus, for the levying of troops, the recall of veterans and the maintaining of arms. Returning to Rome, Vespasian left Titus to prosecute the war. Once the war ended, the involved legions were dispatched to Pannonia and Moesia on the Danube because the priorities were to settle the situation on the lower Rhine after the Batavian Revolt and then to renew the full conquest of Britain. This aureus, probably, has been struck to celebrate freedom in the Roman Empire, as indicated by the legend. The issue is certainly part of the Judaea Capta series and it celebrates the end of the First Jewish war.
The mint of this early and extremely rare aureus of Vespasianus has been identified by RIC and RPC as that of Antiochia. It has been struck during the First Jewish War (66-73), in which Vespasian(66-69) and Titus(67-71) were the commanders of the Roman army. To pay the soldiers large quantities of money were needed, and this could be a reason for the coinage in Antiochia. The Romans finally succeeded in breaching the defenses of the weakened Jewish forces in the summer of 70, following the fall of Jerusalem. In the year 71 Titus left for Rome, leaving Legion X Fretensis to defeat the remaining Jewish strongholds including Herodium and Machaerus, finalizing the Roman campaign in Masada in 73–74. With the use of Libertas (freedom), Paci (peace), Pax (peace), Victoria (victory), we can see the motivs on the coins of Antiochia as Roman propaganda. An issue of great importance and fascination referring to the Judean campaign. From this cointype only 1 piece was signalated (hoard Didcot, England). This is probably the second known piece.
Cohen - ; RIC II¹- ; RIC II²1543 ; BMC- ;
RPC.1917 ; Sear- ; Calicó- RRRR
Extremely rare coin or great historical importance.
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VESPASIANUS (VESPASIAN), 69-79 - AE Sestertius, Rome (71)
weight 25,59gr. ; orichalcum Ø 34mm.
obv. Laureate head of Vespasianus right, surrounded by the legend;
IMP CAES VESPASIAN AVG P M TR P P P COS III
rev. Victory standing right, resting left foot on helmet, inscribing OB CIV SERV on shield attached to palm-tree; mourning Jewess (Judaea) sits on right, surrounded by the legend; VICTORIA AVGVSTI, S C in exergue
The First Jewish–Roman War (66–73 AD), sometimes called the Great Revolt, was the first of three major rebellions by the Jews against the Roman Empire, fought in the Eastern Mediterranean. The First Jewish–Roman War took place in Palestine, mainly in the province of Judea. The Great Revolt began in the year 66 AD, originating in Roman and Jewish ethnic and religious tensions. The crisis escalated due to anti-taxation protests and attacks upon Roman citizens. The experienced and unassuming general Vespasian was given the task, by Nero, of crushing the rebellion in Judaea province. His son Titus was appointed as second-in-command. Given four legions and assisted by forces of King Agrippa II, Vespasian invaded Galilee in 67. Within several months Vespasian and Titus took over the major Jewish strongholds of Galilee and finally overran Jodapatha, which was under the command of Yosef ben Matitiyahu, as well as subdued Tarichaea, which brought an end to the war in Galilee. Vespasian was called to Rome and appointed as Emperor in 69. With Vespasian′s departure, Titus moved to besiege the center of rebel resistance in Jerusalem in early 70. The first two walls of Jerusalem were breached within three weeks, but a stubborn rebel standoff prevented the Roman Army from breaking the third and thickest wall. Following a brutal seven-month siege, during which Zealot infighting resulted in the burning of the entire food supplies of the city, the Romans finally succeeded in breaching the defenses of the weakened Jewish forces in the summer of 70. The Second Temple in Jerusalem was destroyed. Following the fall of Jerusalem, in the year 71 Titus left for Rome, leaving Legion X Fretensis to defeat the remaining Jewish strongholds including Herodium and Machaerus, finalizing the Roman campaign in Masada in 73–74.
Cohen 625 ; RIC 221 ; BMC 582var. ; Sear 2344var. ; Hendin 1508 R
(cf. New York Sale 2021, lot 116 in vf; USD 3.200 + 20%)
A very interesting historical coin. Rare.
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MARCUS AURELIUS, 161-180 - AE Sestertius, Rome (167-168)
weight 26,04gr. ; bronze Ø 30mm.
obv. Laureate head of Marcus Aurelius right
M ANTONINVS AVG ARM PARTH MAX
rev. Victory, winged, draped, advancing left, holding wreath in extended
right hand and palm, sloped over left shoulder, in left hand
TR POT XXI IMP IIII COS III, S - C across field
Marcus modestly refused the title ′Armeniacus′ when it was given to Lucius Verus
at the end of AD 163, instead waiting until the following year to accept it.
Cohen 815 ; RIC 948 ; BMC 1318 ; MIR 151 ; Sear 5011
Attractive piece with wonderful portrait and dark brown patina.
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