Home
Welcome to the website of Munthandel G. Henzen. With the navigation-frame you can select a part of our collection. If you click on a photo an enlargement will appear. Does a coin appeal to you then you can order it by clicking on order. The coins you wish to order will be collected on an order form. After you have completed your order you can simply e-mail the order form to us. We will confirm your order by sending an invoice. After receipt of full payment, the coin(s) will be sent to you. There is also the possibility to view the coins at our office by making an appointment.
For our loyal customers we also regularly publish richly illustrated price lists with special offers. When you order you can indicate whether you want to receive these price lists.
We hope you will enjoy viewing our website and we hope you will find something of your interest.
Gijs Henzen
Current events and historical facts that we would like to highlight:
On 7 June, Israeli IDF terrorists murdered a Palestinian baby by shooting it in the head. This soldier will likely receive a medal for his heroic merits. It took place in the occupied West Bank. The parents were also injured but survived this terrorist attack. That was probably not the intention. To compensate, Israeli IDF terrorists subsequently dropped some bombs on innocent Palestinians in the Gaza Strip that same day, resulting in 7 deaths. So they met their quota again that day after all. They always claim that the victims are Hamas fighters, even when it involves women, the elderly, and babies. But to this day, Israel has never been caught telling the truth. Tomorrow they will continue their genocide, and Europe and the US are doing nothing. What cruel and murderous scum they are. Which idiots support this satanic country...?
The current situation in Iran sometimes reminds me of Croesus. He had managed to significantly expand his kingdom of Lydia and bring important Greek cities on the west coast of Asia Minor under his control. His wealth reached mythical proportions. Now the idea occurred to him to expand his Empire to the east as well, where the Persians ruled. His reasoning must have been to seek advice first, and he went to consult in Delphi, where he asked the Oracle whether he should go to war against Cyrus II of Persia. The Oracle gave the famous, ambiguous answer that if he were to cross the River Halys, he would "destroy a great empire." That reassured Croesus, who could not be denied a certain degree of overconfidence. He assembled a large army and marched east. The first confrontation with the Persians took place in Cappadocia, during the Battle of Pteria (547 BC), and ended inconclusively for the time being. But things did not go well for Croesus′s army. Cyrus pursued Croesus to Lydia and inflicted a crushing defeat upon him on the plain north of Sardis in the Battle of Thymbra (December 547 BC). But Croesus′s misery grew even greater. After a fourteen-day siege, the capital of the Lydian Empire, Sardis, was captured and Croesus was taken prisoner. According to tradition (including that of Herodotus), Croesus was burned at the stake but was ultimately spared by Cyrus. A magnanimous gesture. The Empire that was destroyed was his own Empire, and not, as he had understood the Oracle in his arrogance, the Persian Empire.....
Translated to the present day, we can state that Trump, also "somewhat" overconfident and certainly not the smartest, allowed himself to be advised by false prophets and warmongers like Bibi Netanyahu and Pete Hegseth, who promised Trump a quick and victorious victory over Iran (the Persians). Nothing could have been further from the truth. His attack on Iran became a major debacle. For the US, it is yet another military and political humiliation and defeat in which no other country supports or comes to its aid, except, of course, the terror state of Israel, which is kept afloat entirely by the US. The US is a superpower in decline, and current political and military policy can be seen as a catalyst in that development. Israel has since developed into a pariah, from which the world—including the US and Europe—will eventually wash its hands. It′s horrific crimes can no longer be defended or justified. The downfall of Israel is a matter of time...
Iran is one of the great pillars of Islam, and the Islamic regime therefore did not appear out of nowhere. It is certainly not a Western state, but that does not work to its disadvantage. The country possesses a cultural richness, civilization, and glorious history that makes that of the US pale in comparison. The idea that Europe and the US can once again install a vassal king (Shah) there who will dance entirely to their tune and pursue Western policies is a utopian notion. MI6 and the CIA succeeded in doing so in 1953, when they ousted the democratic Mossadeq through a coup and made Reza Pahlavi, who until then had very limited power, supreme in Iran. It became a dictatorial terror state, with some 100,000 political prisoners in the 1970s. There are individuals from the camp of the former dictatorial Shah regime who want to repeat this trick, this time with the eponymous son of the old Shah. Iranians who have publicly opposed that idea are threatened with death. That speaks volumes about the intentions of the "young" Reza Pahlavi and his followers. Consequently, they are supported by the US and Israel—the Zionist camp, in other words. A recipe for chaos, death, and destruction. So, don′t do it. Twice, the West has nipped democratic developments in Iran in the bud: shortly after World War I and in 1953. The Iranian population is therefore not entirely unfamiliar with democracy, and there will be a third chance. Democratic developments must originate from Iran itself, not from the West. In the Netherlands, former Minister of Foreign Affairs Uri Rosenthal (VVD) plays a very reprehensible role in this regard, promoting the return of the Shah. He is a fervent supporter of Zionism who constantly justifies Israel′s acts of terror and downplays or even denies the genocide against the Palestinians, which no sensible person doubts anymore. The VVD should tar and feather such an idiot from the party....
How is it possible that there are still people who harbor any sympathy for Israel? If there are still Christians who support Israel, then they have understood little of Christianity and Judaism. Modern Israel has little to do with religious Judaism or Biblical Israel and is even in conflict with it. There are few countries as cruel and murderous as this racist apartheid state of European settlers (so-called Zionists). They have now devised yet another racist law so that they can murder Palestinians according to their corrupt legislation. One must bear in mind that there are also many thousands of Palestinians in Israeli prisons without any legitimate reason. They were simply arrested arbitrarily because the Israelis can do so. There is no one preventing them from doing so. Palestinians are without any rights in Israel. Rape and torture are commonplace, and confessions made under those circumstances have no legal validity whatsoever, yet they could soon cost innocent Palestinians their lives. Israel has now also set its sights on Lebanon, where, just as in Gaza, innocent civilians are being driven from their villages and homes or murdered. All this in the context of the formation of a "Greater Israel," an idiotic notion of religious fanatics who currently determine policy in Israel. Genocide, mass murders, torture, rape, theft of land and property, starvation, sadism—Israel practices all of this on a large scale, and the international community does nothing. Why economic sanctions for Russia and Iran and not for Israel? Israel is at least as criminal, not just for a few years, but since its inception in 1948. Israel is a total failed project that should never have existed in this form. What and who gave the Zionists, settlers from Europe, the right to steal the land and homes from the Palestinian population—the rightful inhabitants of Palestine. Zionism is the greatest cause of current antisemitism. Antisemitism must be combated at all times, and therefore Zionism as well. In fact, the formation of the State of Israel, with all its crimes, is a kick in the teeth for all victims of the Shoah. After all, the State of Israel is doing exactly the same thing as the Nazi regime, only now the Palestinians are the victims. The Jewish victims of the Shoah are turning in their graves! They are being humiliated again, this time by the Zionists. Moreover, Israel is a constant threat to the entire Middle East. This satellite state of Europe and the US does not belong there and is a malignant tumor for the region. It is a terrorist state of aggression, supported by the US and Europe. A two-state solution is an absolute utopia because there has never been, and never will be, an equal and just distribution of land and goods. For that reason, Israel should never have been recognized as a state. It is murderous, racist, and it promotes antisemitism. That was a huge mistake. Palestine can be the home for the original inhabitants of this region, such as Palestinians, Christians, and Arab Jews. They lived together there in peace for about 2,000 years, until European settlers, particularly Ashkenazi Jews from Eastern Europe, completely disrupted that hegemony and established a racist apartheid state in 1948, sowing death and destruction throughout the wider region.....
Don′t think that Israel will stop murdering, oppressing, and expelling the rightful inhabitants of Palestine, the Palestinians. The genocide of the Palestinians and the theft of Palestinian land continues unabated, and the murderous Zionist settlers are not being hindered in the slightest by the Israeli government. On the contrary, they are being supported by the terrorists of the IDF. The Israeli justice system is completely rotten. It is part of the genocide that has been ongoing since 1947/1948 (Nakba), yet the international community has turned a blind eye for 60 years and continues to support the murderers. A gross scandal. Get to know the facts and support the Palestinians!
Glaubt nicht, dass Israel mit dem Morden, Unterdrücken und Vertreiben der rechtmäßigen Bewohner Palästinas, der Palästinenser, aufhören wird. Der Völkermord an den Palästinensern und der Diebstahl palästinensischen Landes gehen ungebremst weiter, und die mörderischen zionistischen Siedler werden von der israelischen Regierung nicht im Geringsten behindert. Im Gegenteil, sie werden von den Terroristen der israelischen Armee (IDF) unterstützt. Das israelische Justizsystem ist völlig korrupt. Es ist Teil des Völkermords, der seit 1947/48 (Nakba) andauert, doch die internationale Gemeinschaft hat 60 Jahre lang weggesehen und unterstützt die Mörder weiterhin. Ein ungeheurer Skandal. Informiert euch über die Fakten und unterstützt die Palästinenser!
Many Dutch people did not or did not sufficiently resist the genocide of the Jews in 1940-1945. This is now happening to the Palestinians. Do not make the same mistake; DO NOT SIT STILL AND TAKE ACTION AGAINST THIS GREAT INJUSTICE:
SUPPORT: https://rightsforum.org
It is everyone′s duty, regardless of profession, status, or social position, to speak out against the murderers and oppressors of this world, Whether it′s Trump, Putin, Netanyahu, or Xi Jinping. As soon as we remain silent, we give them a free pass, and ultimately, we are all victims. What is a human being without humanity, justice, and compassion? Don′t be a coward but speak out against injustice!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=211f_Z5KYy8
Search by product name
our monthly special offer
Our latest acquisitions
 |
 
 |
NOORDELIJKE NEDERLANDEN (NETHERLANDS) - REPUBLIEK, 1581-1795 - OVERIJSSEL - STAD KAMPEN - PERIODE LEOPOLD I, 1657-1705 - Leeuwendaalder 1648
gewicht 26,69gr. ; zilver Ø 41mm.
muntmeester: Jan Jellen
muntmeesterteken: lelie
variant: geen interpuncties in de voorzijdetekst
vz. Geharnaste en gehelmde ridder staande naar links, hoofd naar
rechts gewend, sjerp royaal om zich heen geslagen waarvan hij het
geluste uiteinde in zijn linkerhand houdt, het wapenschild van Holland
binnen een geornamenteerde omlijsting voor zich geplaatst, binnen een
parelcirkel, omringd door de tekst; MOAR CIVI IM – P BELG CAMPEN
kz. Klimmende Hollandse leeuw naar links binnen een parelcirkel, daarboven
16 lelie 48, omringd door de tekst; :CONFIDENS•DNO•NON•MOVETVR•
Geslagen in het jaar dat met de Vrede van Westfalen (Münster/Osnabrück)
een einde kwam aan de Tachtigjarige Oorlog (1568-1648), waarbij Spanje
de Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Provinciën erkende als soevereine staat,
en de Dertigjarige Oorlog (1618-1648), waarbij religieuze en territoriale
conflicten werden bijgelegd.
Minted in the year that the Peace of Westphalia (Münster/Osnabrück)
brought an end to the Eighty Years′ War (1568-1648), in which Spain
recognized the Republic of the Seven United Provinces as a sovereign state,
and the Thirty Years′ War (1618-1648), in which religious and territorial
conflicts were settled.
Delmonte 862 ; Verkade 163.3 ; HNPM.29 ; CNM.2.30.37 ; Davenport 4879
gebruikelijke grove en zwakke slag
zfr- |
|
| |
|
 |
ZUIDELIJKE NEDERLANDEN (SOUTHERN NETHERLANDS) - PRINSBISDOM LUIK - EVERHARD (ERARD) VAN DER MARCK, 1506-1538 - Snaphaen z.j. (ca.1525-1530), Hasselt (?)
gewicht 5,34gr.; zilver Ø 31mm.
vz. Sint Hubertus, nimbus om hoofd, te paard rijdend naar rechts,
daaronder een hond rennend naar rechts, binnen een gekartelde cirkel,
rechts daarvan het voorlijf van een hert naar links gewend, omringd
door de tekst; SA - NCTVS⋆HV - BЄRT - ′⋆
kz. Wapenschild van Mark in het hart van een gebloemd kruis welke
een gekartelde cirkel doorbreekt, omringd door de tekst;
ЄRARD′⋆D′ - MAR′⋆CA - DINAL - ЄPS′⋆LЄO′
Het betreft hier een navolging van de snaphaen van Karel van Gelre.
Zeer zeldzaam.
Met een officieel voorgeschreven gewicht van 7,895 gram is deze munt duidelijk te licht. Door circulatie en daardoor slijtage treed er altijd gewichtsverlies op maar nooit circa 2,5 gram, zoals in dit geval. Dit gewichtsverlies is duidelijk veroorzaakt door het snoeien van de munt, zoals ook visueel duidelijk is waar te nemen..
Als men bij vele munten steeds wat van de rand snoeide kon men toch aanzienlijk bij verdienen, soms wel honderden guldens. Natuurlijk was het wel zaak de munten in betaling te geven aan personen die het gewicht niet meteen konden controleren, anders zou men immers tegen de lamp lopen. Degene die met te lichte munten betaalde moest in principe het gewichtsverschil alsnog bijbetalen, maar dat gold alleen voor munten met geringe gewichtsafwijking. Was het verschil te groot, dan werden de stukken onmiddellijk uit omloop gehaald. Werd men betrapt op het snoeien van munten dan waren de straffen niet gering. Met verminking (o.a. brandmerking) kwam men er nog heel goed vanaf. Het verbranden of koken in een ketel met water, olie of lood en andere gruwelijke doodstraffen waren de gebruikelijke eindstations voor serieuze overtreders.
With an official prescribed weight of 7.895 grams, this coin is clearly much too light. Due to circulation and therefore wear, there is always weight loss, but a weight loss of circa 2.5 grams, as in this case, is much too large in relation to the quality of the coin. This weight loss is clearly caused by clipping the coin, as can also be clearly seen visually.
If one kept cutting off the edge of many coins, one could still earn a considerable amount, sometimes hundreds of guilders. Of course, it was important to give the coins in payment to people who could not immediately check the weight, otherwise one would be caught. In principle, those who paid with coins that were too light still had to pay the difference in weight, but that only applied to coins with a small weight deviation. If the difference was too great, the coins were immediately withdrawn from circulation. If one was caught cutting off coins, the punishments were not insignificant. With mutilation (including branding) one got off very lightly. Burning or boiling in a cauldron with water, oil or lead and other gruesome death sentences were the usual final stations for serious offenders.
Delmonte 431 (R2) ; de Chestret 441 ; Mignolet 65 ; Dengis 831 ;
de Mey 723 ; Vanhoudt Atlas G.1121 RR
fr |
|
| |
|
 |
TIBERIUS, 14-37 - AR Denarius, Lugdunum (14-37)
weight 3,79gr. ; silver Ø 19mm.
obv. Laureate head of Tiberius right, surrounded by the legend;
TI CAESAR DIVI AVG F AVGVSTVS
unabridged legend: Tiberius Caesar Divi Augusti Filius Augustus.
translation: Tiberius Caesar, son of divine Augustus, emperor (Augustus).
rev. Female (Livia as Pax?) seated right on ornamented chair, holding
sceptre and olive-branch, PONTIF in front, MAXIM behind
unabridged legend: Pontifex Maximus.
translation: High priest.
This denarius is generally known as the so-called ″Tribute Penny″;
The ″Tribute Penny″ refers to the Roman silver denarius issued during the reign of Emperor Tiberius (AD 14–37), which is traditionally identified as the coin shown to Jesus in the New Testament gospels. The coin gained its unique English nickname from the 1611 King James Version (KJV) translation of the Bible. The original Greek text uses the word ″dēnarion″ (denarius). When early scholars like John Wycliffe (1480s) and William Tyndale (1526) translated the text into English, they used ″penny″ because the British silver penny was a similar size and represented a standard day′s wage for a laborer, exactly like the ancient Roman denarius.
As the Greek text uses the word denarion, and it is usually thought that the coin was a Roman denarius with the head of Tiberius. Although there are two other reverse types on the denarii of Tiberius, those were only issued during the first two years of his reign, while the Pax reverse was employed throughout the remainder, making it the more likely coin referred to. It was also the most common imperial-issue coin circulating in the region at the time.
In Matthew 22, Mark 12, and Luke 20, the Pharisees and Herodians attempt to trick Jesus by asking whether it is lawful to pay the annual poll tax (tribute) to Rome. Jesus asks them to bring him a coin, stating, "Bring me a penny, that I may see it" (Mark 12:15). He asks whose image is on it, to which they reply, "Caesar′s." Jesus famously responds: "Render therefore unto Caesar the things which are Caesar′s; and unto God the things that are God′s."
Cohen 16 ; RIC 30 ; BMC 48 ; Sear 1763var. S
Amazing example with excellent characteristic portrait
and beautifylly toned. Rare this nice.
xf |
|
| |
|
 |
AUGUSTUS, 27 BC-14 AD - AR Cistophorus, Pergamon (19-18 BC)
weight 10,61gr. ; silver Ø 27mm.
obv. Bare head of Augustus right, IMP·IX·TR·PO·V below
rev. Temple of Mars Ultor: round-domed, aquila set
on podium of five steps, MART - VLTO across field
The Temple of Mars Ultor was an octastyle sanctuary created with the Corinthian order in Ancient Rome. The construction has been completed in 2 BC but the project of Augustus stems from the victory obtained by the battle of Philippi in 42 BC. It was dedicated to the god Mars to avenge the assassination of Julius Caesar. It was founded by Emperor Augustus in the Forum of Augustus. If still in use by the 4th-century, the temple would have been closed during the persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire, when the Christian Emperors issued edicts prohibiting non-Christian worship.
This Temple defines, with all other architectural elements and decorations, the authority of the new ideology of the rising Augustan empire. In fact for Augustus was essential exalting the values of the religion in a new order where ancestors and the past of Rome (mythology) were the principal ways to restore order that over of 50 years of civil wars had destroyed.
Ultor means "avenger" and it refers to the battle of Philippi in which Marcus Antonius, Octavianus and Marcus Aemilius Lepidus defeated the two main conspirators of Caius Julius Caesar: Brutus and Cassius. The temple was situated on the Capitol and was built specially to house the legionary standards of Crassus and Marcus Antonius lost in the Parthian wars and recovered by Augustus from Phraates IV. Also the triumphal chariot voted to Augustus in 19 BC on his return from Syria was evidently kept in the temple of Mars Ultor.
The cistophoric tetradrachm (or cistophorus) originated in the Hellenistic Kingdom of Pergamon (located in modern-day western Turkey) and was introduced around 190–166 BCE under the Attalid dynasty. It was created as a highly controlled regional currency to replace foreign coins, specifically Seleucid issues and earlier standard Greek tetradrachms.
When the last Attalid king, Attalos III, died in 133 BC, he bequeathed his kingdom to the Roman Republic. Recognizing the efficiency of the system, the Romans continued to mint cistophori as the dominant silver trade currency for the province of Asia. The Romans conveniently tariffed the coin as a triple-denarius unit (equal to three Roman denarii). Later, Roman authorities, including Markus Antonius, Emperor Augustus, and Emperor Hadrianus, revived and modified the currency by replacing the basket imagery with their own imperial portraits.
Cohen 202 ; RIC 507 ; BMC 704 ; RPC.2220 ; Sear 1589
Minor traces of oxidation and light scratches. Rare.
vf-/vf |
|
| |
|
 |
ROMAN REPUBLIC - C. GARGONIUS, M. VERGILIUS & OGULNIUS - ANONYMOUS - AR Denarius, Rome (86 BC)
weight 4,10gr. ; silver Ø 18mm.
obv. Laureate head of Apollo right, thunderbolt below
rev. Jupiter in quadriga right, brandishing thunderbolt
This anonymous denarius is obviously connected by type with the
signed denarii of Caius Gargonius, Ogulnius and Marcus Vergilius.
The triumvir monetalii of 86 BC. The reason for this exceptionally
late issue of anomynous coins is unclear.
The anonymous Roman denarius of 86 BC (Crawford 350a/2) features the head of Apollo (or a youthful Vejovis/Jupiter) with a thunderbolt on the obverse, and Jupiter driving a triumphal quadriga on the reverse. This pairing symbolizes supreme divine authority, military victory, and an appeal for civic restoration and protection during the height of Rome′s internal civil wars.
The youthful deity head on the obverse represents light, prophecy, healing, and harmony. The accompanying thunderbolt symbol hints at celestial power and a blending of divine attributes, tying the prophetic grace of Apollo to the raw power of the king of gods.
The reverse depicts Jupiter, supreme ruler of the pantheon, brandishing a thunderbolt from a fast-moving four-horse chariot. It symbolizes ultimate sovereignty, divine protection of the Roman state, and military triumph.
Context of Crisis: Minted during 86 BC, a turbulent year marked by the civil conflicts between Marius and Sulla, anonymous or "pseudo-anonymous" issues like this closely mirrored signed coinages of contemporary moneyers (such as Gargonius, Ogulnius, and Vergilius).
Sear 266 ; Crawford 350a/2 ; Sydenham 723 ; Albert 1223
Coin of excellent style, perfectly centered,with appealing tone.
A very attractive example of this interesting issue.
vf/xf |
|
| |
|
 |
SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS, 193-211 - AR Denarius, Rome (196-197)
weight 3,08gr. ; silver Ø 17mm.
obv. Laureate head of Severus right, surrounded
by the legend; L SEPT SEV PERT AVG IMP VIII
translation: Lucius Septimius Severus Pertinax Augustus, Imperator
Octavum = Lucius Septimius Severus Pertinax, emperor (Augustus),
supreme commander (Imperator) for the eighth time.
rev. Genius, standing left, sacrificing with patera in right hand over
lighted and garlanded altar, left, and holding corn-ears in left hand,
surrounded by the legend; P M TR P V COS II P P
translation: Pontifex Maximus, Tribunicia Potestate Quinta, Consul
Secundum, Pater Patriae = High priest, holder of tribunician power
for the fifth time, consul for the second time, father of the nation.
Genius represents a divine guardian spirit of the Roman people (Genius Populi Romani) or the life force and prosperity of the state. Usually depicted as a young, athletic male figure standing and offering blessings to the empire. It symbolized divine protection, continuity, and the pious maintenance of traditional Roman religious duties under the emperor.
Genius usually holds a patera (sacrificial bowl): Shown pouring a libation over a lighted altar, signifying piety and devotion to the gods.Cornucopia or corn-ears: Symbolizes wealth, harvest, abundance, and the fertility of the Roman state. By featuring the Genius, Septimius Severus tied his regime to the fundamental guardian spirit of Rome, presenting himself as the protector and restorer of the commonwealth after years of civil war. Septimius Severus tied his regime to the fundamental guardian spirit of Rome, presenting himself as the protector and restorer of the commonwealth after years of civil war.
Cohen 436 ; RIC 87 ; BMC p. 55 ; Sear - (cf. 6335)
vf-/vf |
|
| |
|
 |
SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS, 193-211 - AR Denarius, Rome (204)
weight 3,15gr. ; silver Ø 19,5mm.
obv. Laureate head of Severus right, surrounded
by the legend; SEVERVS PIVS AVG
translation: Severus Pius Augustus =
Severus, the pious emperor (Augustus).
rev. Victory, winged, draped, advancing left, holding wreath in
extended right hand and palm sloped over left shoulder in left
hand, surrounded by the legend; VICT PART MAX
translation: Victoria Parthica Maxima = Great victory over Parthia.
Septimius Severus campaigned in the Middle East to stabilize the Roman frontier and punish client kingdoms that had allied with his rival, Pescennius Niger, during the Roman Civil War. For his military successes in Arabia, Parthia, and Adiabene, he was awarded with the titles ″Pathicus Arabicus″ and ″Parthicus Adiabenicus″ by the Senate in 195 AD. In 195, a Roman invasion of Mesopotamia began under the Emperor Septimius Severus, who occupied Seleucia and Babylon, and then sacked Ctesiphon yet again in 197. The title ″Parthicus Maximus″ ("Greatest Conqueror of Parthia") was officially awarded to emperor Septimius Severus by the Roman Senate in 198 AD. It celebrated his successful military campaigns against the Parthian Empire, which included the sacking of the Parthian capital, Ctesiphon. Minting these victories on the coins was a way for the emperor to solidify his legitimacy, flaunt his martial success, and unify the Roman public behind him. Parthia ultimately fell not to the Romans, but to the Sassanids under Ardashir I, who entered Ctesiphon in 226. Under Ardashir and his successors, Persian-Roman conflict continued between the Sassanid Empire and Rome.
Cohen 744 ; RIC 295 ; BMC 223, 365 ; Sear 6372
vf- |
|
| |
|
 |
SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS, 193-211 - AR Denarius, Rome (199)
weight 3,33gr. ; silver Ø 17mm.
obv. Laureate head of Severus right, surrounded
by the legend; L SEPT SEV AVG IMP XI PART MAX
translation: Lucius Septimius Severus Augustus, Imperator
Undecimum, Parthicus Maximus = Lucius Septimius Severus,
emperor (Augustus), supreme commander (Imperator) for the
eleventh time, great conqueror of the Parthians.
rev. Victory, winged, draped, flying left, holding wreath
in both hands over shield set on low base, surrounded by
the legend; VICTORIAE AVGG FEL
translation: Victoriae Augustorum, Felicitas =
To the victory of the emperors (Augusti), good fortune.
Septimius Severus campaigned in the Middle East to stabilize the Roman frontier and punish client kingdoms that had allied with his rival, Pescennius Niger, during the Roman Civil War. For his military successes in Arabia, Parthia, and Adiabene, he was awarded with the titles ″Pathicus Arabicus″ and ″Parthicus Adiabenicus″ by the Senate in 195 AD. In 195, a Roman invasion of Mesopotamia began under the Emperor Septimius Severus, who occupied Seleucia and Babylon, and then sacked Ctesiphon yet again in 197. The title ″Parthicus Maximus″ ("Greatest Conqueror of Parthia") was officially awarded to emperor Septimius Severus by the Roman Senate in 198 AD. It celebrated his successful military campaigns against the Parthian Empire, which included the sacking of the Parthian capital, Ctesiphon. Minting these victories on the coins was a way for the emperor to solidify his legitimacy, flaunt his martial success, and unify the Roman public behind him. Parthia ultimately fell not to the Romans, but to the Sassanids under Ardashir I, who entered Ctesiphon in 226. Under Ardashir and his successors, Persian-Roman conflict continued between the Sassanid Empire and Rome.
cf. Cohen 719 ; RIC 144b ; BMC 178, 139 ; Sear 6381
vf |
|
| |
|
 |
SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS, 193-211 - AR Denarius, Rome (196-197)
weight 2,77gr. ; silver Ø 17mm.
obv. Laureate head of Severus right, surrounded by the legend;
L SEPT SEV PERT AVG IMP VIII
translation: Lucius Septimius Severus Pertinax Augustus, Imperator
Octavum = Lucius Septimius Severus Pertinax, emperor (Augustus),
supreme commander (Imperator) for the eighth time.
rev. Septimius Severus, in military attire, on horse prancing right,
holding spear in right hand., surrounded by the legend;
PROFECTIO AVG
translation: Profectiones Augusti = Departure of the emperor (Augustus).
The legend PROFECTIO AVG means the ceremonial "setting forth" or departure of the emperor as a military commander, symbolizing imperial duty, decisive action, and readiness for war. On Septimius Severus coins from 196 AD, it marked his military departure from Rome to campaign against his rival Clodius Albinus.
The reverse depicts Severus on horseback with a spear, emphasizing his role as the active, physical defender and commander-in-chief of the Roman state. It reassures the public and the army that the emperor is taking direct, hands-on control to suppress civil conflict and restore order. This event was accompanied with official religious vows (vota) made at departure for a safe campaign and victorious return (adventus).
The PROFECTIO AVG coin legend from 196 AD signaled the official start of this campaign. After defeating his eastern rival Pescennius Niger, Severus stripped his temporary ally, Clodius Albinus (the governor of Britain), of his titles. Albinus gathered three British legions, moved to Gaul, and set up his headquarters at Lugdunum (modern Lyon, France). Severus marched his Danube legions rapidly across the Alps to confront him. The confrontation between the armies of Severus and Albinus took place on 19 February 97, at Lugdunum (modern Lyon). This Battle of Lugdunum was the largest and bloodiest clash ever fought between Roman armies. Roughly 150,000 men fought on each side. Severus nearly lost his life and his horse, but a decisive cavalry charge secured a brutal victory. Albinus committed suicide. Severus decapitated the corpse, sent the head to Rome as a warning, and executed dozens of sympathetic Roman senators to secure his absolute rule.
Immediately after securing the Western provinces, Severus moved his forces east to counter the Parthian Empire, which had taken advantage of the Roman civil war. Severus raised three brand-new legions (I, II, and III Parthica). He marched into Mesopotamia, forcing the Parthians to instantly abandon the siege of Nisibis and retreat. Severus built a fleet, advanced down the Euphrates River, and captured the major cities of Babylon and Seleucia. By the end of 197 AD, his army successfully stormed and sacked the Parthian capital of Ctesiphon, massacring the male population and taking an estimated 100,000 citizens into slavery. This campaign concluded with the permanent annexation of northern Mesopotamia as a Roman province.
Cohen 578 ; RIC 91 ; BMC 170-171 ; Sear - (cf. 6353) S
Struck on a short flan, Scarce type.
vf- |
|
| |
|
 |
SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS, 193-211 - AR Denarius, Rome (195)
weight 2,89gr. ; silver 17mm.
obv. Laureate head of Severus right, surrounded by the legend;
L SEPT SEV PERT AVG IMP V
translation: Lucius Septimius Severus Pertinax Augustus,
Imperator Quintum = Lucius Septimius Severus Pertinax, emperor
(Augustus), supreme commander (Imperator) for the fifth time.
rev. Minerva, helmeted, draped to feet, standing left, holding spear
downward in right hand and round shield at side in left hand.,
surrounded by the legend; P M TR P III COS II P P
translation: Pontifex Maximus, Tribunicia Potestate Tertia, Consul
Secundum, Pater Patriae = High priest, holder of tribunician power
for the third time, consul for the second time, father of the nation.
Minerva on the coinage of Septimius Severus primarily symbolizes military power, divine protection, and wisdom. Because he seized the throne during a brutal civil war, he heavily utilized Minerva on his reverses to align his rule with her martial and strategic attributes. Minerva′s spear symbolizes active warfare, military supremacy, and Septimius Severus′s capability to defend the empire and vanquish his political rivals. Minerva′s shield represents divine protection, defensive strength, and the steadfast guardianship of the state under the emperor′s rule. Judging by the static depiction of Minerva, it seems to refer to the palladium, a sacred statue of Pallas Athena. Owning this statue was heavily associated with the survival and glory of Rome.
Cohen 390 ; RIC 61 ; BMC 114-117 ; Sear - (cf. 6326)
struck on a short flan
vf- |
|
| |
|
 |
SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS, 193-211 - AR Denarius, Rome (196-197)
weight 3,26gr. ; silver 17mm.
obv. Laureate head of Severus right, surrounded by the legend;
L SEPT SEV PERT AVG IMP VIII
translation: Lucius Septimius Severus Pertinax Augustus, Imperator
Octavum = Lucius Septimius Severus Pertinax, emperor (Augustus),
supreme commander (Imperator) for the eighth time.
rev. Liberalitas, draped, standing left, holding abacus in right hand
and cornucopiae in left hand, surrounded by the legend;
LIBERALITAS AVG II
translation: Liberatlitas Augusti Secunda = Second liberality of
the emperor (Augustus).
Liberalitas translates to "generosity" or "liberality". On the coinage of Septimius Severus, it symbolizes the emperor′s financial largesse, public gifts (congiaria), or cash distributions given to the Roman citizens and soldiers to secure their loyalty. She is personified on the reverse of the coin as a standing woman holding a cornucopia (symbolizing abundance) and an abacus or coin-counting board/tessera (representing the careful tallying and distribution of money). Numerals like I, II, III, up to VI (e.g., LIBERALITAS AVG II) are often appended to the text on Septimius Severus′s coins. These numbers recorded the specific, official occasion or sequence of the emperor′s monetary distributions throughout his reign.
Cohen 290 ; RIC 81a ; BMC 166 ; Sear - (cf. 6306)
f/vf à vf- |
|
| |
|
 |
SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS, 193-211 - AR Denarius, Rome (195-196)
weight 3,18gr. ; silver Ø 16mm.
obv. Laureate head of Severus right, surrounded
by the legend; L SEPT SEV PERT AVG IMP VII
translation: Lucius Septimius Severus Pertinax Augustus, Imperator
Septimum = Lucius Septimius Severus Pertinax, emperor (Augustus),
supreme commander (Imperator) for the seventh time.
rev. Fortuna, draped, standing left, holding rudder set on globe in
right hand and cornucopiae in left hand., surrounded by the legend;
P M TR P III COS II P P
translation: Pontifex Maximus, Tribunicia Potestate Tertia, Consul
Secundum, Pater Patriae = High priest, holder of tribunician power
for the third time, consul for the second time, father of the nation.
A standing Fortuna holding a rudder (often set on a globe) and a cornucopiae symbolizes Fortuna Redux; the "Returning Fortune" who safely guides the emperor back home from military campaigns or long, hazardous journeys. The rudder on a globe represents Fortuna′s cosmic control and ability to steer the course of human events, specifically guiding the emperor′s ship or path safely across the world. The cornucopiae (Horn of Plenty) Signifies the prosperity, wealth, and abundant harvest that good fortune and a stable, returning leader bring to the Roman Empire.
Cohen 404 ; RIC 69 ; BMC 125 ; Sear - (cf. 6330)
struck on a short flan
vf- |
|
| |
|
 |
SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS, 193-211 - AR Denarius, Rome (197)
weight 2,99gr. ; silver Ø 19mm.
obv. Laureate head of Severus right, surrounded
by the legend; L SEPT SEV PERT AVG IMP VIIII
translation: Lucius Septimius Severus Pertinax Augustus, Imperator
Nonum = Lucius Septimius Severus Pertinax, emperor (Augustus),
supreme commander (Imperator) for the ninth time.
rev. Fortuna, draped, standing left, holding rudder set on globe in
right hand and cornucopiae in left hand., surrounded by the legend;
P M TR P V COS II P P
translation: Pontifex Maximus, Tribunicia Potestate Quinta, Consul
Secundum, Pater Patriae = High priest, holder of tribunician power
for the fifth time, consul for the second time, father of the nation.
A standing Fortuna holding a rudder (often set on a globe) and a cornucopiae symbolizes Fortuna Redux; the "Returning Fortune" who safely guides the emperor back home from military campaigns or long, hazardous journeys. The rudder on a globe represents Fortuna′s cosmic control and ability to steer the course of human events, specifically guiding the emperor′s ship or path safely across the world. The cornucopiae (Horn of Plenty) Signifies the prosperity, wealth, and abundant harvest that good fortune and a stable, returning leader bring to the Roman Empire.
Cohen 442 ; RIC 104 ; BMC 229 ; Sear 6330var.
irregular flan
vf- |
|
| |
|
 |
NOORDELIJKE NEDERLANDEN (NETHERLANDS) - REPUBLIEK, 1581-1795 - HOLLAND - Gouden dukaat 1780, Dordrecht
gewicht 3,45gr. ; goud Ø 22mm.
muntmeester: Wouter Buck
zonder munt- of muntmeesterteken
vz. Geharnaste en gehelmde Nederlandse ridder staande naar rechts
met in zijn rechterhand een geschouderd zwaard, in de linker een
pijlenbundel (7 pijlen), geflankeerd door het jaartal I7 - 80,
omringd door de tekst; CONCORDIA•RES - PAR•CRES•HOL•
kz. Dubbel gelijnd vierkant met schelp- en bladornamenten aan
de zijden en op de hoeken, met daarbinnen een tekst in 5 regels;
MO:ORD: / PROVIN / FOEDER / BELG•AD / LEG•IMP.
Deze gouden dukaat werd geslagen in het jaar dat de Vierde Engelse Oorlog uitbrak;
Ten tijde van de Amerikaanse Onafhankelijkheidsoorlog (1775-1783) had de Republiek aanvankelijk besloten een onpartijdige rol in de nemen. Toen Engeland in 1778 tevens in oorlog kwam met Frankrijk en Spanje en een beroep deed op de Republiek voor militaire en maritieme steun, bleef de Republiek vasthouden aan haar neutraliteit en werd het verzoek van Engeland afgewezen.
Aan het einde van de 17e eeuw en begin van de 18e eeuw had Engeland de dominante handelspositie van de Republiek overgenomen. Veel kooplieden verruilden Amsterdam voor London als uitvalsbasis voor hun handel overzee. De 18e eeuw was voor de Republiek een eeuw van economisch verval. Vooral gedreven door jalouzie besloot de Republiek, dat zich voordeed als neutraal, heimelijk steun te verlenen aan de opstandelingen in Amerika. Wapens en munitie werden naar de kolonie Sint Eustatius verscheept, waar ze vervolgens tot woede van de Engelsen aan de Amerikanen werden doorverkocht. Alhoewel de Engelsen protesteerden, ging de smokkelhandel gewoon door. Dit leidde er uiteindelijk toe, dat Engeland op 20 december 1780 de oorlog verklaarde aan de Republiek. Het was het begin van de Vierde Engelse Oorlog (1780-1784).
De Nederlandse marine was numeriek in de minderheid. Al in de winter van 1781 werd duidelijk dat de oorlog op een ramp voor de Republiek zou uitlopen. Alleen al in januari 1781 werden 200 Nederlandse koopvaardijschepen opgebracht. In februari 1781 veroverde de Engelse admiraal George Brydges Rodney (1718-1792) het gewraakte eiland Sint Eustatius. Tot het enige grotere zeegevecht van de oorlog kwam het op 5 augustus 1781 in de slag bij de Doggersbank. Dit gevecht eindigde onbeslist. In de daaropvolgende maanden ontweek de Nederlandse vloot verdere gevechten. Hierdoor kwam het tot een feitelijke zeeblokkade van de Republiek. De zeeroute naar de Oostzee was bijvoorbeeld gesloten. De oorlog zorgde voor een verhoogde maritieme handelsactiviteit in de Oostenrijkse Nederlanden, met name via Oostende. Internationale kooplui vonden er een pragmatische oplossing voor het verderzetten van hun handel in het Caribisch gebied onder neutrale keizerlijke vlag.
In de rest van de wereld veroverden de Britten de West-Afrikaanse bezittingen van de WIC, evenals een aantal kolonies van de VOC. Ook Kaapstad bleef niet buiten schot. Onderweg om die kolonie aan te vallen, vielen de Engelsen de Saldanhabaai binnen, waar een aantal VOC-schepen lag te wachten om uit zicht van de Engelse vloot te blijven. De economische schade voor Nederland was zeer groot. Het conflict leidde wel tot een nieuw groot bouwprogramma voor oorlogsschepen. De Republiek sloot zich aan bij vredebesprekingen die vanaf 1782 in Parijs werden gehouden tussen Engeland en de Verenigde Staten, Frankrijk en Spanje. Op 2 september 1783 werd daar een voorlopig akkoord gesloten tussen de Republiek en Engeland. Pas op 20 mei 1784 sloten de beide landen in Parijs een definitief vredesverdrag. De VOC verloor het specerijenmonopolie. Engeland kreeg het recht op de vrije vaart op de Molukken. De Republiek verloor Negapatnam in India aan de Engelsen.
This gold ducat was minted in the year that the Fourth Anglo-Dutch War broke out;
During the American Revolutionary War (1775-1783), the Republic had initially decided to play an impartial role. When England also went to war with France and Spain in 1778 and appealed to the Republic for military and maritime support, the Republic continued to adhere to its neutrality and England′s request was rejected.
At the end of the 17th century and the beginning of the 18th century, England had taken over the dominant trading position of the Republic. Many merchants exchanged Amsterdam for London as a base for their overseas trade. The 18th century was a century of economic decline for the Republic. Driven mainly by jealousy, the Republic, which pretended to be neutral, decided to secretly support the rebels in America. Weapons and ammunition were shipped to the colony of Sint Eustatius, where they were then sold on to the Americans, much to the anger of the English. Although the English protested, the smuggling trade continued. This eventually led to England declaring war on the Republic on 20 December 1780. It was the beginning of the Fourth English War (1780-1784).
The Dutch navy was numerically outnumbered. As early as the winter of 1781, it became clear that the war would end in disaster for the Republic. In January 1781 alone, 200 Dutch merchant ships were captured. In February 1781, the English admiral George Brydges Rodney (1718-1792) captured the infamous island of Sint Eustatius. The only major naval battle of the war took place on 5 August 1781 at the Dogger Bank. This battle ended in a draw. In the following months, the Dutch fleet avoided further battles. This led to a de facto naval blockade of the Republic. For example, the sea route to the Baltic Sea was closed. The war led to increased maritime trade activity in the Austrian Netherlands, particularly via Ostend. International merchants found a pragmatic solution there to continue their trade in the Caribbean under a neutral imperial flag.
In the rest of the world, the British conquered the West African possessions of the WIC, as well as a number of colonies of the VOC. Cape Town was not spared either. On the way to attack that colony, the English invaded Saldanha Bay, where a number of VOC ships were waiting to stay out of sight of the English fleet. The economic damage for the Netherlands was very great. The conflict did lead to a new major construction program for warships. The Republic joined the peace talks that were held in Paris from 1782 onwards between England and the United States, France and Spain. On 2 September 1783, a provisional agreement was concluded between the Republic and England. It was not until 20 May 1784 that the two countries concluded a definitive peace treaty in Paris. The VOC lost the spice monopoly. England gained the right to free navigation on the Moluccas. The Republic lost Negapatnam in India to the English.
Delmonte 775 ; Verkade 39.6 ; HNPM.15 ;
CNM.2.28.54 ; Friedberg 250
zfr |
|
| |
|
 |
NOORDELIJKE NEDERLANDEN (NETHERLANDS) - REPUBLIEK, 1581-1795 - ZEELAND - Zilveren dukaat 1793, Middelburg
gewicht 27,93gr. ; zilver Ø 41mm.
muntmeester Petronella Slob & Johan Lodewijk Molter
muntteken burcht
muntmeesterteken; twee sterren
vz. Geharnaste en gehelmde ridder staande naar rechts,
geschouderd zwaard in zijn rechterhand, in zijn linkerhand
houdt hij het gekroonde provinciewapen, dat voor hem is
geplaatst, aan een dubbel gelust koord, omringd door de tekst;
♖MON:NOV:ARG:PRO:CONFOED:BELG:COM:ZEL•
kz. Gekroond Generaliteitswapen geflankeerd door het jaartal
17 - 93, daarboven ✶ ✶, omringd door de tekst:
CONCORDIA RES PARVÆ CRESCUNT•
Delmonte 976 ; Verkade 87.1 ; HNPM.50 ;
CNM.2.49.50 ; Beuth 1793 (JMP 1955) ; Davenport 1848
gebruikelijke zwakke slag en muntplaatgebrek op de keerzijde
fr/zfr à zfr- |
|
| |
|
|
| |
|
 |
NOORDELIJKE NEDERLANDEN (NETHERLANDS) - REPUBLIEK, 1581-1795 - HOLLAND - Leeuwendaalder 1589, Dordrecht
gewicht 27,24gr. ; zilver Ø 40mm.
muntmeester: Jacob Jansz. de Jonge
muntteken: roos ❀
stempelsnijder: Gerard van Bylaer
vz. Geharnaste en gehelmde ridder, met baard, staande naar links, hoofd
naar rechts gewend, sjerp royaal om zich heen geslagen waarvan hij het
geluste uiteinde in zijn rechterhand houdt, het wapenschild van Holland
binnen een geornamenteerde omlijsting voor zich geplaatst welke aan
de onderzijde geflankeerd wordt door het jaartal 15 - 89, binnen een
parelcirkel, omringd door de tekst; x MOxNOxARGx – xORDINxHOLx
kz. Klimmende Hollandse leeuw naar links binnen een parelcirkel,
omringd door de tekst; xCONFIDENSxDNOxNONxMOVETVRx ❀
Gerard van Bylaer werd in 1553 geboren in Barneveld in een familie van drukkers. Zijn vader was Wijnand van Bylaer, zijn moeder Cornelia Jans Sweers. Zijn broer Wolfaert werd juwelier in Amsterdam en vestigde zich als graveur in Dordrecht. Gerard begon als stempelsnijder aan de Munt te Harderwijk en werd op 16 juli 1580 aangesteld tot stempelsnijder aan de Munt te Dordrecht. In het kader van het door Leicester uit te vaardigen muntplakkaat (1586) hebben de Staten-Generaal de aan het Hollandse munthuis verbonden stempelsnijder Gerard van Bylaer bij besluit van 8 juli 1586 tot stempelsnijder-generaal benoemd. Dat betekende dat hij niet alleen de muntstempels vervaardigde voor Holland, maar alle afzonderlijke (gewestelijke) munthuizen van uniforme muntstempels voorzag. Hij leverde inderdaad ponsoenen voor de leicestermunten aan alle munthuizen. Hetzelfde zien we bij de leeuwendaalders van 1589, die qua stijl en verfijning nadien eigenlijk nooit meer geëvenaard zijn. Na korte tijd echter lieten de gewesten de stempels weer door het eigen personeel vervaardigen. Naast de vervaardiging van muntstempels staat Gerard tevens bekend om zijn rekenpenningen en penningen ter herdenking van verschillende nationale gebeurtenissen in zijn tijd. Gerard overleed op 12 oktober 1617 op 64-jarige leeftijd.
Zijn zonen Jacob (1605-1625) en Willem (1580-1635) traden in zijn voetsporen als graveur en Willem werd later tevens muntmeester in Dordrecht. Ook zijn zoon Jan begon in 1624 als stempelsnijder, maar staakte die activiteit al weer in datzelfde jaar. Als kunstschilder bleken zijn vaardigheden ook onvoldoende en uiteindelijk werd hij zijdehandelaar .
Delmonte 831 ; Verkade 48.3 ; HNPM.22 ;
CNM.2.28.66 ; Davenport 8838
kleine zwaktes van de slag
zfr |
|
| |
|
 |
NOORDELIJKE NEDERLANDEN (NETHERLANDS) - HERTOGDOM GELRE - KAREL VAN EGMONT, 1492-1538 - St. Jans - of Clemmergulden z.j. (circa 1496-1511), Nijmegen
gewicht 3,26gr. ; goud Ø 24mm.
muntmeester Niclaes Nyber
annuletten in de velden op de voorzijde: 4
annuletten in de velden op de keerzijde: 2
interpuncties: ster op voorzijde, drieblad en anulet op keerzijde
vz. Johannes de Doper staande frontaal met kruisscepter,
ter weerszijden twee anuletten, binnen een parelcirkel,
omringd door de tekst; ★ - KAROL★D★ - V - X★GELR′★IVL′★
kz. Wapenschild van Gelre-Jülich met linksboven het stadsschildje
van Arnhem, rechtsboven dat van Nijmegen en onder dat van Roermond,
binnen een driepas welke deels een parelcirkel doorbreekt en aan de
onderzijde wordt geflankeerd door twee annuletten, omringd door de
tekst; ♣MO′∘NO′♣ - ♣AVRЄ′♣ - ♣GELR′♣
De naam Clemmergulden werd al gebruikt in de tijd dat deze munten geslagen werden. Het refereert van de klimmende leeuwen op de munt. Dit munttype werd voor het eerst geslagen ten tjde van Arnold van Egmont. Dit type van Karel van Egmont werd geslagen onder muntmeester Niclaes Nyber, die in 1496 was aangetreden als nieuwe muntmeester aan de Munt van Nijmegen en Roermond. Hij woonde in Nijmegen. Dit type is aangemunt vanaf circa 1496 tot 1511. Het werd aanvankelijk uitgegeven op een koers van 31 Gelderse stuivers. Deze muntmeester bleef overigens geruime tijd als Gelders muntmeester actief, zeker tot circa 1525, en is dus verantwoordelijk voor het overgrote deel van Karel′s muntslag.
Het aantal annuletten en of sterretjes op de voorzijde en keerzijde varieert in aantal. Dit kan willekeur van de stempelsnijder zijn, maar het het zouden ook onderscheidende kenmerken kunnen zijn voor de verschillende emissies. Dit munttype is immers gedurende langere periode aangemunt, waarbij ook het fijngehalte goud niet steeds hetzelfde is geweest.
van der Chijs XV, 3var. ; Delmonte 618 ; Vanhoudt/Saunders 1039 ;
Het Hertogdom Gelre, pag. 271, no. 47 ; Friedberg 67
minieme zwaktes van de slag
zfr |
|
| |
|
 |
NOORDELIJKE NEDERLANDEN (NETHERLANDS) - HERTOGDOM GELRE - PHILIPS II, 1555-1581 - ½ Philipsdaalder 1563, Nijmegen
gewicht 16,37gr. ; zilver Ø 36mm.
muntmeester: Hendrik Hanssen
muntteken: herkruist kruis (zgn. Gelders kruis)
vz. Geharnast borstbeeld naar links, daaronder I5 ✥ 63,
omringd door de tekst; •PHS•D:G•HISP Z REX•DVX•GEL•
kz. Gekroond Spaans-Oostenrijks-Bourgondisch wapenschild rustend
op Bourgondisch stokkenkruis, geflankeerd door twee Bourgondische
vuurstalen met afspattende vonken, eronder hangt het kleinood
(lamsvacht) van de Orde van het Gulden Vlies, omringd door
de tekst; DOMINVS•MIC - HI•ADIVTOR ✥
Als gevolg van deels zwakke uitmunting is het jaartal niet goed leesbaar. Wel is te zien dat op de voorzijde het muntteken ″Gelders kruis″ is gekanteld, dus als een Andreaskruis. Die variant zien we alleen bij het jaartal 1563. Daarnaast is een exemplaar met identieke stempels door Hylke Dijkstra gepubliceerd en afgebeeld (no.64h), waarbij het jaartal 1563 goed leesbaar is. Daarom kan dit stuk zonder enige twijfel als 1563 worden gedateerd.
Due to partially weak minting, the year is not clearly legible. However, it is visible that the mint mark "Gelders kruis" on the obverse is tilted, thus like an St. Andrew′s cross. We only see this variant with the year 1563. Additionally, an example with identical dies was published and illustrated by Hylke Dijkstra (no. 64h), in which the year 1563 is clearly legible. Therefore, this piece can be dated to 1563 without any doubt.
In de periode 1561-1565 werden circa 97.006 stuks philipsdaalders
aangemunt (incl.1/2 philipsdaalders). Schaars.
In the period 1561-1565, approximately 97,006 Philipsdaalders
were minted (incl. 1/2 Philipsdaalders). Scarce.
Delmonte 62 ; van Gelder & Hoc 211-6b ; van der Chijs XXVI, 16var. ;
CNM.2.17.14 ; Dijkstra 64h ; Vanhoudt 267.NIJ S
Zwaktes van de slag en krassen op de voorzijde,
maar een mooie en goed geslagen keerzijde.
zfr-/zfr+ |
|
| |
|
|
| |
|
 |
NOORDELIJKE NEDERLANDEN (NETHERLANDS) - REPUBLIEK, 1581-1795 - WEST-FRIESLAND - Gulden 1763, Enkhuizen
gewicht 10,45gr. ; zilver Ø 32mm.
muntmeester: Pieter Buyskes
muntmeesterteken: haringbuis
vz. De Nederlandse maagd staande frontaal, speer met vrijheidshoed
in de rechterhand, haar linker elleboog leunend op de bijbel welke
geplaatst is op een rijkelijk versierd altaar, daaronder 1763, omringd
door de tekst; HAC NITIMVR - HANC TVEMVR
kz. Gekroond Generaliteitswapen geflankeerd door de waarde aanduiding
I - GL, omringd door de tekst; MO:ARG:ORD:FOE:BELG:WESTF: haringbuis
Muntmeester Buyskes heeft bij het kiezen van zijn muntmeesterteken duidelijk een verband gezocht met zijn familienaam. Buis was een benaming van een bepaald type zeevarend kielschip van welk de geschiedenis terugvoert tot in de middeleeuwen. Het vaartuig werd volgens bronnen in de middeleeuwen aangeduid als buza. Men veronderstelt dat daaruit de benaming buis zou zijn ontstaan. Het ging zowel om koopvaarders als om vissersschepen. Maar die laatstgenoemde waren voor Holland, West-Friesland en Zeeland veruit de meest voorkomende, vooral gericht op de haringvangst.
Delmonte 1180 ; Verkade 70.1 ; HNPM.48 ; CNM.2.46.57 ; Pannekeet 113
In het centrum ietwat zwak geslagen, doch weinig
gecirculeerd exemplaar met nog enige stempelglans.
zfr/pr |
|
| |
|
|
| |
|
|
| |
|
 |
NOORDELIJKE NEDERLANDEN (NETHERLANDS) - REPUBLIEK, 1581-1795 - WEST-FRIESLAND - Leeuwendaalder 1641, Enkhuizen
gewicht 26,96gr. ; zilver Ø 41mm.
muntmeester: Nicolaas Wijntgens
muntmeesterteken: lelie
vz. Geharnaste en gehelmde ridder staande naar links, hoofd naar
rechts gewend, sjerp royaal om zich heen geslagen waarvan hij het
geluste uiteinde in zijn rechterhand houdt, het wapenschild van
Holland binnen een geornamenteerde omlijsting voor zich geplaatst,
binnen een parelcirkel, omringd door de tekst;
MO•ARG•PRO•CON - FOE•BELG•WEST
kz. Klimmende Hollandse leeuw naar links binnen een parelcirkel,
omringd door de tekst; lelie CONFIDENS•DNO•NON•MOVETVR•1641
Binnen de landstreek West-Friesland, gelegen in het Noorderkwartier van de provincie Holland, was de Munt afwisselend gevestigd te Hoorn, Medemblik en Enkhuizen. Deze leeuwendaalder is geslagen te Enkhuizen in een tijd dat deze stad haar grootste bloeitijd doormaakte. De stad telde in de 17e eeuw de grootste haringvloot van de Nederlanden, en bezat tevens een kamer van de VOC. Ook de West-Indische Compagnie was in de stad vertegenwoordigd. Door handel op de Oostzeelanden, Engeland, West-Afrika en Indië werd Enkhuizen rijk. De stad telde zo′n 25.000 inwoners, aanzienlijk meer dan het huidige aantal.
Within the region of West-Friesland, a part of the province of Holland, the Mint was alternately located in Hoorn, Medemblik and Enkhuizen. This lion dollar was minted in Enkhuizen at a time when the city was experiencing its greatest heyday. In the 17th century, the city had the largest herring fleet in the Netherlands, and also had a chamber of the VOC. The West India Company was also represented in the city. Enkhuizen became rich through trade with the Baltic countries, England, West Africa and the Indies. The city had around 25,000 inhabitants, considerably more than the current number.
Delmonte 836 ; Verkade 66.4 ; HNPM.17 ;
CNM.2.46.24 ; Pannekeet 34 ; Davenport 4870
zwaktes van de slag
fr/zfr |
|
| |
|
 |
NOORDELIJKE NEDERLANDEN (NETHERLANDS) - REPUBLIEK, 1581-1795 - WEST-FRIESLAND - 3 Gulden 1793, Enkhuizen
gewicht 33,71gr. ; zilver Ø 40,5mm.
muntmeester Hessel Slijper
zonder munt- of muntmeesterteken
vz. De Nederlandse maagd staande frontaal, speer met vrijheidshoed
in de rechterhand, haar linker elleboog leunend op de bijbel welke
geplaatst is op een rijkelijk versierd altaar, daaronder
1793, omringd door de tekst; HAC NITIMVR - HANC TVEMVR
kz. Gekroond Generaliteitswapen geflankeerd door de waarde aanduiding
3 - GL, omringd door de tekst; MO:ARG:ORD:FOE:BELG:WESTF:
De Generaliteitsdriegulden heeft een officieel voorgeschreven gewicht van 31,82 gram. We zien derhalve dat deze munt bijna 2 gram te zwaar is. Kleine afwijkingen werden getolereerd, maar dit soort grote afwijkingen zijn hoogst uitzonderlijk. De waardijn, Mr. Hugo Adriaan van Bleijswijk, had de taak om stukken die te licht of te zwaar waren in te houden en weer om te laten smelten. Dit stuk heeft diens controle duidelijk gemist en is toch in circulatie gekomen. De ontvanger had dus eigenlijk een muntstuk in handen t.w.v. bijna 64 stuiver i.p.v. 60 stuiver. Ik ben nooit eerder een drieguldenstuk tegengekomen met een dergelijke grote afwijking in gewicht. Als zodanig uiterst zeldzaam.
The Generaliteitsdriegulden has an officially prescribed weight of 31.82 grams. We therefore see that this coin is nearly 2 grams too heavy. Small deviations were tolerated, but such large deviations are highly exceptional. The assayer, Mr. Hugo Adriaan van Bleijswijk, had the task of withholding pieces that were too light or too heavy and having them melted down. This piece clearly missed his inspection and entered circulation anyway. The recipient therefore actually held a coin worth nearly 64 stuivers instead of 60 stuivers. I have never before encountered a driegulden piece with such a large weight discrepancy. As such, it is extremely rare.
Delmonte 1147var. ; Verkade 69.4 ; CNM.2.46.55var. ;
HNPM.46var. ; Pannekeet 110var. ; Davenport 1853var. RRR
Kleine productie gerelateerde muntplaatimperfecties, doch
weinig gecirculeerd exemplaar met nog enige stempelglans.
pr- |
|
| |
|
|
